{"id":153399,"date":"2025-02-14T12:26:35","date_gmt":"2025-02-14T11:26:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bellesguardgaudi.com\/?p=153399"},"modified":"2025-02-14T19:24:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-14T18:24:49","slug":"bridges-and-viaducts-gaudi-the-urban-planner","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bellesguardgaudi.com\/en\/bridges-and-viaducts-gaudi-the-urban-planner\/","title":{"rendered":"Bridges and Viaducts, Gaud\u00ed the Urban Planner\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

By: Ferran Garc\u00e9s<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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First of all, we would like to thank Joan Torres, the director of the Clar\u00e0 Library, for allowing us to photograph the model of a surprising work by Gaud\u00ed that was never realized. It is the Pomaret Bridge, dedicated to Saint Eulalia, a martyr born in Sarri\u00e0. This week marks her feast day.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In addition to the model, right in front of Bellesguard, another admirable work of Gaud\u00ed can be found that did reach completion. Both works invite us to discuss an aspect of Gaud\u00ed that is often overlooked: his role as an urban planner. This side of him is reflected in major projects such as Park G\u00fcell, but also in smaller projects developed during his university studies, from small commissions in the Ciutadella Park<\/a> and the streetlights for Pla\u00e7a Real<\/a> and Pla de Palau, to the design of kiosks<\/a> for public spaces in Barcelona, which, like the Pomaret Bridge, sadly, were never realized.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A New Path…<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The urban planning aspect consisted of modifying the old Cemetery path, which was the current Bellesguard Street, as it led to the Sant Gervasi cemetery. The original path crossed the ruins of a medieval palace. To better protect them, Gaud\u00ed diverted the path outside of the estate. However, the new available path had a ravine with a steep slope. To overcome the unevenness, the solution was to build a viaduct, using the same system he had planned for the Pomaret Bridge and would also use in Park G\u00fcell. Josep Maria Tarragona, the architect’s biographer, reminds us of the main features of these works:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIn both cases, Gaud\u00ed is inspired by natural structures to imitate them perfectly (…) Thus, the weight of the path, which is what the viaduct must support, enters through the columns and reaches directly to the ground. This is exactly what nature does to form a mountain or to create a cave.\u201d As a result, the completed work \u201cdoes not seem artificial but seems like another construction of nature. In fact, it is, because it was made by a man who studied the constructive laws of nature and, once understood, used those laws to build his viaduct. With the idea of integrating the work into the mountainous landscape of the time, he covered the structure, made with bricks, with local stone.\u201d<\/span> (4)<\/span><\/p>\n

A Much Wider Path<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

If this project is already impressive on its own, it becomes even more striking when we consider that Gaud\u00ed’s mark on the Sant Gervasi landscape could have been much wider. Dated August 1, 1906, the plan of the bridge he wanted to cover the Pomaret stream, very close to Bellesguard Street, has been preserved. If it had been realized, it would have been about 150 meters long with twenty-five inclined pillars, very similar to those of the Bellesguard viaduct and Park G\u00fcell. On the other hand, as Joan Bassegoda, former Gaud\u00ed chair, notes, \u201cIt is interesting to consider that Gaud\u00ed designed reinforced concrete with Portland cement from the Asland factory in Castellar de n\u2019Hug (Bergued\u00e0, Barcelona), owned by Eusebi G\u00fcell and inaugurated just two years earlier, in 1904\u201d (5)<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The project\u2019s promoters were a group of neighbors from the surroundings of the old Santa Eul\u00e0lia Street, now called Immaculada Street, very close to Bellesguard Street (6). For this reason, the design of the bridge included a large prayer: \u201cPray for us, pray for us\u201d and the image of a cross of Saint Eulalia between each of these words. Unfortunately, like so many of Gaud\u00ed’s projects, the Pomaret Bridge was never built (7)<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For years, the bridge and viaduct project were subject to endless meetings between the City Council and the various landowners affected. A sign of the administrative difficulties behind public works. In the end, only the viaduct succeeded, and, by a narrow margin, even this was almost lost. It also highlights its vulnerability and need for protection.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Providential Recovery<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In 2002, the International Gaud\u00ed Year was celebrated. With part of the proceeds, it was possible to minimally recover these two contemporary projects. On one hand, with the construction of a model of the Pomaret Bridge, based on the plans found in the Historical Archive of the City by Joan Bassegoda, then curator of the Gaud\u00ed chair. The model is displayed at the Clar\u00e0 Library<\/a>, as we mentioned earlier.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

On the other hand, the Bellesguard viaduct was restored, which at the time was in a deplorable state of neglect (7). What we see today is not the entire original work, which was slightly larger. Nonetheless, its partial recovery allows us to remember Gaud\u00ed’s surprising ability to combine, in addition to architecture, his skills as a craftsman, a pioneer of sustainability, and an urban planner. As we mentioned above, there remains the need to discuss a fourth aspect: that of landscape designer or garden designer.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Notes<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) The change of the Cemetery path to Bellesguard Street was approved, along with the rectification of alignments, on December 28, 1905: Portavella Isidoro, Jes\u00fas (2003) Los calles de Barcelona: Sant Gervasi, Editorial Ayuntamiento de Barcelona, p.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Another parallel reason is that the owner of the estate, Maria Sagu\u00e9s, requested the modification of the Cemetery path to ensure that the two medieval towers remained within her property, with the commitment to cede the necessary land to adapt the new road path, as well as to finance the construction costs.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(3) More construction details: Lanuza y Garriga, Anna de (2005), \u201cScientific report on the archaeological control of the cleaning and subsequent documentation of a section of the wall at Bellesguard Street 19-23 in Barcelona (Intervention code 102\/05), Archaeological Service of Barcelona. Online reading: Report<\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) Redacci\u00f3n (8\/04\/2015), \u201cThe Bellesguard Viaduct, one of Gaud\u00ed’s most unknown works in Barcelona,\u201d<\/a> Betev\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(5) Bassegoda Nonell, Juan (2002-2003), \u201cAn engineering work by Gaud\u00ed. The viaduct project over the Pomaret torrent in Sarri\u00e0,\u201d Quaderns d\u2019hist\u00f2ria de l\u2019enginyeria, vol. V, pp.261<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Also see: Grima, R., G\u00f3mez Serrano, J., and Aguado de Cea, A., (2011), \u201cThe first examples of Gaud\u00ed with reinforced concrete<\/a>,\u201d Proceedings of the Seventh National Congress on the History of Construction, Santiago de Compostela, vol. 1, pp. 643-654.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(6) More information about this street: Mestre, Jes\u00fas (20\/02\/2022), \u201cThe Inmaculada Street, the union of Sarri\u00e0 with Sant Gervasi through the upper part,\u201d<\/a> Diari el Jard\u00ed.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(7) The list of unfinished and\/or never realized projects by Gaud\u00ed is painfully long. As one of his biographers says: \u201cThe mentioned ones are just a few examples of failed projects that have come to light. There could have been many more\u201d: Van Hensbergen, Gijs (2002), Antoni Gaud\u00ed, Debolsillo, p. 93.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Another unfinished project destroyed in the area was the villa of Llu\u00eds Graner<\/a>, a painter and friend of Gaud\u00ed and, by the way, one of the promoters of the Pomaret Bridge. This villa would have been at a distnance of 5-minute walk from Torre Bellesguard.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(8) Op. cit. Lanuza y Garriga, Anna de (2005) This archaeological report shows various images of the deplorable state of neglect.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By: Ferran Garc\u00e9s\u00a0 First of all, we would like to thank Joan Torres, the director of the Clar\u00e0 Library, for allowing us to photograph the model of a surprising work by Gaud\u00ed that was never realized. It is the Pomaret Bridge, dedicated to Saint Eulalia, a martyr born in Sarri\u00e0. This week marks her feast […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":153387,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBridges and Viaducts, Gaud\u00ed the Urban Planner\u00a0 - Obra Modernista de Antoni Gaud\u00ed en Barcelona | Torre Bellesguard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bellesguardgaudi.com\/en\/bridges-and-viaducts-gaudi-the-urban-planner\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bridges and Viaducts, Gaud\u00ed the Urban Planner\u00a0 - Obra Modernista de Antoni Gaud\u00ed en Barcelona | Torre Bellesguard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By: Ferran Garc\u00e9s\u00a0 First of all, we would like to thank Joan Torres, the director of the Clar\u00e0 Library, for allowing us to photograph the model of a surprising work by Gaud\u00ed that was never realized. 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