{"id":190626,"date":"2026-03-14T13:18:43","date_gmt":"2026-03-14T12:18:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bellesguardgaudi.com\/?p=190626"},"modified":"2026-03-14T14:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-03-14T13:34:16","slug":"did-you-know-gaudi-and-the-orfeo-catala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bellesguardgaudi.com\/en\/did-you-know-gaudi-and-the-orfeo-catala\/","title":{"rendered":"Did You Know? Gaud\u00ed and the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"

By: Ferran Garc\u00e9s<\/strong><\/p>\n

The laying of the first stone of the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia took place on March 19th, 1882, Saint Joseph\u2019s Day. To commemorate this milestone and on the occasion of the centenary of Gaud\u00ed\u2019s death, next March 19th, 2026, the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia will host the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0, \u201cthus highlighting the choral spirit and the bond between both institutions,\u201d as we read on the temple\u2019s website. May it also serve to recall one of Gaud\u00ed\u2019s great passions\u2014music\u2014and, at the same time, dispel the stereotype of a solitary man isolated from the world. Quite the contrary: the architect was always surrounded by friends and by members of different associations of his time. In fact, this story\u2014the relationship between the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia and the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0\u2014begins in a caf\u00e9 full of people\u2026<\/p>\n

1883\u20131885: The Beginning of a Long Friendship\u2026<\/strong>
\nGaud\u00ed took on the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia project in 1883, one year after the laying of the first stone. He was 31 years old at the time. This Gaud\u00ed was not the one most people picture today. That Gaud\u00ed dressed elegantly, enjoyed good restaurants, and never missed the opera performances during the season at the Gran Teatre del Liceu (\u201cfrom dandy to saint\u201d).
\nGaud\u00ed of that time also never missed the gatherings at the Caf\u00e9 Pelayo, located at the top of La Rambla, when Pla\u00e7a Catalunya had not yet been defined. This caf\u00e9 was a place frequented by intellectuals, artists, and music lovers. Around 1885, a pianist named Llu\u00eds Millet i Pag\u00e8s\u2014future founder of the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0\u2014began to play there. The musician and the architect got along from the very first day and would remain close until the end.<\/p>\n

1891\u20131897: The First Fruits<\/strong>
\nThere is no single date to mark the beginning of Modernisme, but all proposed dates fall between the late 1880s and early 1890s. The Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0, founded by Llu\u00eds Millet, was created in 1891. By that time, Gaud\u00ed had already completed his first works: Casa Vicens, Palau G\u00fcell, and the Teresianes School in Barcelona, and beyond the city, El Capricho, the Episcopal Palace of Astorga, and the Casa Botines.
\nIn 1893 the \u201cCercle Art\u00edstic de Sant Lluc\u201d was founded, bringing together artists of a more religious orientation within the new movement. Gaud\u00ed and Llu\u00eds Millet became members from the very beginning. Furthermore, in 1897, Llu\u00eds Millet\u2014an important composer and tireless promoter\u2014also founded the chapel of Sant Felip Neri in Barcelona. Gaud\u00ed became its most famous attendant. Indeed, he would be run over while walking on his way there\u2014but let\u2019s not get ahead of ourselves. For now, let us simply remember that Gaud\u00ed went to that church to attend mass, but also to sing and converse with the other singers, some of whom were members of the Cercle de Sant Lluc and mutual friends of Gaud\u00ed and Millet. In fact, on some occasions the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0 itself also took part, and when that happened, Llu\u00eds Millet directed the chapel.<\/p>\n

1904\u20131906: The Dream Takes Shape<\/strong>
\nCuriously, Gaud\u00ed\u2019s third residence in Barcelona was at Carrer Montju\u00efc de Sant Pere, 16\u2014today Carrer Verdaguer i Callis, 16. It is currently one of the streets that leads directly to the Palau de la M\u00fasica Catalana, the headquarters of the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0. However, when Gaud\u00ed lived there around 1880, this building had not yet been constructed.
\nThe Palau would be built between 1904 and 1908 under the direction of Dom\u00e8nech i Muntaner, another of the great Modernista architects. The new institution would house the headquarters of the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0\u2014the dream of Llu\u00eds Millet and an entire generation (\u201cbetween Wagner and Clav\u00e9\u201d). Gaud\u00ed, a great lover of music, would be a regular attendee at the Palau. During this period, the architect had completed the main house at Torre Bellesguard and was beginning Casa Batll\u00f3 and Casa Mil\u00e0, among many other projects such as Park G\u00fcell. Modernisme was then in full effervescence.<\/p>\n

1916: A Music Course\u2026 or an Architecture Course?<\/strong>
\nThe Palau, home of the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0, would not only offer concerts but would also include other activities. In 1908, the year it was inaugurated, it already hosted two significant events: the fiftieth anniversary of the Jocs Florals (“Floral Games”) and a political event of Solidaritat Catalana (“Catalan Solidarity”). It would also organize courses. One very special course was the Gregorian chant course of 1916, which once again brought together the two friends, both passionate about this style as well as about Renaissance polyphony. These were the styles promoted by the liturgical reform led by Pope Pius X, who wanted to restore the purity of early religious music (\u201creturn to the origin<\/a>\u201d). Millet became one of its main defenders in Catalonia, which led, for example, to the revival of the polyphonic works of Tom\u00e1s Luis de Victoria. Obviously, this was also the preferred musical style at Sant Felip Neri.
\nDuring one of the sessions of that course, a heated argument arose among the clergy about chant, the main subject of the reform. To calm things down, Llu\u00eds Millet handed the floor to Gaud\u00ed, hoping he would help reduce the tension. His friend responded: \u201cOh, my friend, I do not come here to learn music, but architecture.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"1920: Two Good Friends\u2026<\/strong>
\nIn two photographs taken in 1920, one can clearly see the close friendship between the creator of the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia and the founder of the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0\u2014and, let us not forget, also the founder of the chapel of Sant Felip Neri. In one of the photos, Gaud\u00ed, who disliked being photographed, hides his face with his hat. At his side, Millet seems amused by his friend\u2019s gesture. In the next photo, teasing again, the architect shows only his profile. The images also allow us to appreciate the state of the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia at that time. Around this period, Gaud\u00ed was receiving many visitors, whom he personally attended to (\u201cGaud\u00ed, his own tourist guide<\/a>\u201d). As we said at the beginning, the stereotype of Gaud\u00ed as a solitary man is false.<\/p>\n

\"\"1921: Another Example of Gaud\u00ed\u2019s Humor\u2026<\/strong>
\nThe Orfe\u00f3\u2014within a short time\u2014became responsible for memorable concerts, giving a voice both to Catalan popular music and to the classical music of Europe. These concerts consolidated the institution and turned it into an ambassador of the emerging Modernista Catalonia. Among its most iconic concerts, one stands out: the premiere of Bach\u2019s St. Matthew Passion<\/em> on February 27th, 1921, which included the participation of the theologian and organist Albert Schweitzer (\u201cGaud\u00ed\u2019s Mediterranean humor\u201d). Once again, Gaud\u00ed attended the concert, and\u2014as expected\u2014his presence did not go unnoticed. Llu\u00eds Millet himself recounts the anecdote:<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen for the first time at the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0 we performed Bach\u2019s St. Matthew Passion<\/em>, I took Dr. Schweitzer to the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia, and he was astonished by the work, showing a lively interest in its author\u2014a man so small in stature and of such prodigious genius. Schweitzer, this extraordinary figure and great apostle of the sublime Cantor of Leipzig, wanted to know Gaud\u00ed\u2019s opinion of the St. Matthew Passion<\/em>.
\n\u2018Have you heard it?\u2019 he asked him. \u2018What did you think?\u2019
\nGaud\u00ed was taken aback for a moment, then replied:
\n\u2018I didn\u2019t think I would like it so much\u2026 but,\u2019 he added with an ironic smile, \u2018I believe these fellows over here\u2014pointing at me\u2014have arranged it rather well.\u2019
\nThe Passion<\/em> of Bach had deeply moved him with its solemnity and powerful expression, but it was German art\u2014far from the Mediterranean light\u2014and he looked for reinforcement of his own belief in the interpretation offered by our own people, born under the bright light of the sea that surrounds us. Needless to say, his paradoxical answer made us all laugh.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

June 29th, 1922: An Exceptional Dedication<\/strong>
\nOne of the treasures of the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0 headquarters in the Palau de la M\u00fasica is the Golden Book. Through its pages have passed the greatest figures of past and present artistic, political, and religious life\u2014a testament to the importance of the institution. On June 29th, 1922, Saint Peter\u2019s Day, the board asked Gaud\u00ed to sign it. Although the architect usually declined such requests, on this occasion he accepted, most likely because of his deep friendship with Llu\u00eds Millet. Beneath a drawing featuring a Greek cross and an allegory of the myth of Orpheus, one can read:
\n\u201cIn Heaven, we will all be orfeonistes.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

1926: Before Reaching Heaven\u2026<\/strong>
\nAs on so many other evenings, on June 10th, 1926, Gaud\u00ed began his walk from the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia to the chapel of Sant Felip Neri, where he intended to attend mass and sing his beloved liturgical music. He never arrived. He was struck by a tram along the way.<\/p>\n

The funeral took place on June 12th, 1926. During the procession through the city center, one of the people holding the ribbons of the coffin was Llu\u00eds Millet. When they reached the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia, he let go of the ribbon and took the baton to conduct the Officium Defunctorum<\/em> by Tom\u00e1s Luis de Victoria\u2014one of the composers, let us recall, favored by both Gaud\u00ed and Millet. In short, a long path since those youthful days at Caf\u00e9 Pelayo.
\nWho knows\u2014perhaps Gaud\u00ed was right, and now the two of them are orfeonistes in Heaven.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By: Ferran Garc\u00e9s The laying of the first stone of the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia took place on March 19th, 1882, Saint Joseph\u2019s Day. To commemorate this milestone and on the occasion of the centenary of Gaud\u00ed\u2019s death, next March 19th, 2026, the Sagrada Fam\u00edlia will host the Orfe\u00f3 Catal\u00e0, \u201cthus highlighting the choral spirit and the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":190620,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-190626","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-did-you-know"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDid You Know? 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